The Holocaust, which occurred over 80 years ago, was a dark period when communities treated Jews with extreme cruelty solely because of their identity. The Jews were not engaged in theft or violence; they were simply living their lives. However, Adolf Hitler, the powerful German chancellor of the 1930s, instigated hatred against the Jews and other marginalized groups, including homosexuals, Jehovah's witnesses, and Roma (gypsies), convincing millions to join him in this unjust persecution.
Although this wave of "Jew hatred" began in Germany, it quickly spread throughout Eastern Europe, affecting nations like Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia. As the situation worsened, Jews in Eastern Europe found themselves increasingly unsafe in their own homes. Hitler's soldiers, known as Nazis, targeted Jewish businesses and synagogues, destroyed their property, and forcefully relocated Jews into overcrowded ghettos, where many families were crammed into small apartments with scarce food, water, and medical care. Life in these ghettos was horrific, leading to illness and death for many.
In response to the escalating violence, some Jews attempted to flee to safer countries. While a few succeeded, many were not so fortunate. The establishment of ghettos facilitated the Nazis' deportation of millions of Jews to concentration and labor camps, where they endured unimaginable suffering and death.
Yet, amid this tragedy, there were non-Jewish individuals who stood against the persecution of Jews. These brave people believed that the mistreatment of Jews was wrong. They empathized, thinking, "What if this were happening to my family?" Many took enormous risks to help their Jewish friends hide from the cruelty around them.
Helping the Jews was not without danger; anyone caught aiding them faced the same brutal treatment. Despite this risk, these courageous individuals chose to act, earning the title of Upstanders. They are the true heroes of the Holocaust—individuals who saw the injustices and decided to intervene safely.
Conversely, some individuals, while disapproving of the treatment of Jews, chose to remain bystanders. A bystander is someone who witnesses bad behavior or injustices yet takes no action. This silence contributes to the ongoing suffering of others, which is disheartening.
In contrast, Upstanders are those who recognize wrongdoing and take steps to help. For instance, if you witness bullying, speaking up and supporting the victim makes you an Upstander. This quality is essential, especially as we reflect on the Holocaust and the need to ensure such atrocities never happen again.
Becoming an Upstander can start today, as anyone has the potential to act with courage and kindness. Many individuals have been Upstanders during the Holocaust, even if they didn’t realize their actions made a significant difference. If you have stood up for others in difficult situations, thank you for being an Upstander.
Additionally, you can inspire others by discussing the importance of being an Upstander. Sharing your thoughts encourages more people to take action, which is the best legacy we can create.